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Sexually transmitted diseases continued to increase in Minnesota in 2018

The number of new sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) continued to rise in 2018, according to the Minnesota Department of Health’s (MDH) annual sexually transmitted disease (STD), HIV and hepatitis C statistics report. Of special concern were 10 congenital syphilis cases reported in 2018, a major increase from two in 2017. Congenital syphilis (syphilis in a […]

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The number of new sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) continued to rise in 2018, according to the Minnesota Department of Health’s (MDH) annual sexually transmitted disease (STD), HIV and hepatitis C statistics report. Of special concern were 10 congenital syphilis cases reported in 2018, a major increase from two in 2017.

Congenital syphilis (syphilis in a fetus or infant at birth) can cause serious complications such as miscarriage, stillbirth, premature birth, birth defects and infant death. Fortunately, the infection can be prevented with proper screening and treatment during pregnancy, said MDH State Epidemiologist and Medical Director Dr. Ruth Lynfield.

“We are working closely with clinicians, local public health departments, and other community partners to respond to this increase in congenital syphilis,” Lynfield said. “With ongoing increases in congenital syphilis, it is really important that pregnant women are tested for syphilis at least twice during pregnancy, and in some cases, a third time. It is important to diagnosis cases during pregnancy and provide adequate treatment to prevent complications in both the mother and infant.” 

The MDH report also showed that the combined number of new chlamydia, gonorrhea and syphilis cases in Minnesota increased by 3% in 2018 compared to 2017. HIV cases increased slightly with 286 new cases. Disparities remain among communities of color and men who have sex with men. Hepatitis C continues an upward trend, with 60 acute cases reported.

Key findings by the numbers:

There were 32,024 cases of chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis reported in 2018 compared to 30,981 cases in 2017.

  • Chlamydia, the number one reported infectious disease in the state, increased by 2% to 23,564 cases in 2018.
    • The majority occurred in teens and young adults ages 15 to 24.
    • One out of every three cases occurred in Greater Minnesota, with four or more cases reported in every county.
  • Gonorrhea remained the second most commonly reported STD in Minnesota with 7,542 cases reported in 2018, a 16% increase.
    • Forty-two percent of all gonorrhea cases occurred among 15- to 24-year-olds and three-quarters of the cases occurred in the seven-county Twin Cities metro area.
  • Syphilis cases overall decreased 2% with 918 cases in 2018.
    • New infections continued to be centered within the Twin Cities metropolitan area and among males, particularly among men who have sex with men.
    • However, the presence of syphilis among females, especially those who are pregnant or of child-bearing age, is of concern.
    • Ten cases of congenital syphilis in infants were reported in 2018. This is a rate of 15.1 per 100,000 live births which is the highest Minnesota has ever reported and represents a 400% increase from 2017.
  • HIV cases remained stable with 286 cases reported in 2018, compared to 280 cases in 2017. This is below the five-year average of 296 cases per year from 2014 to 2018.
    • Males accounted for 76% of all new HIV cases during 2018.
    • Male-to-male sex remains the main risk factor for males of all ages.
    • More than half (59%) of new HIV cases are among communities of color.
  • Acute hepatitis C cases remained high at 60 cases in 2018 (59 cases in 2017).
    • The rate of acute hepatitis C infection is highest in American Indian Minnesotans.
    • Thirty-four cases (57%) reported injection drug use.
    • In 2018, the number of newly reported hepatitis C cases was highest in the 26-30 age group. This is the first year that newly reported cases in younger people surpassed newly reported cases in the Baby Boomer age group. The peak in cases among younger people indicates ongoing transmission.

“Untreated STDs, HIV, or hepatitis C can cause serious health problems,” said Christine Jones, STD, HIV and TB Section Manager. “Many of these infections have no immediate symptoms. The only way to know for sure is to get tested. Screening for these infections is easy and accurate.”

STDs, HIV and hepatitis C infections are all highly preventable. Effective prevention methods include consistent and correct condom use during sex and not sharing injection drug, tattoo and piercing equipment. Pre-exposure prophylaxis, or PrEP, is a daily prescription medication that can prevent HIV infection when taken consistently and correctly. 

MDH provides funding to many community-based programs throughout Minnesota to serve people who are more often affected by STDs, HIV and hepatitis C infections. These programs provide Minnesotans with prevention education, testing services, support for people who need care and sterile syringe access.

More information, as well as the complete Minnesota 2018 Statistics Reports for STDs, HIV and hepatitis C, can be accessed from any of the STDHIV or hepatitis C pages on the MDH website.

Information from CDC on testing for STDs can be found at Which STD Test Should I Get?

-MDH-

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Health

Effects of Tobacco on Mental Health

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Background

Historical development of the conversations regarding mental health have not been progressing as rapidly as one would prefer. We have gained greater knowledge about mental illness over the last 20 years, and the majority of us now believe that therapy works. But there’s a growing societal perception that those with mental illness are unpredictable and dangerous.Studies have indicated that smoking exacerbates stress and anxiety. Smokers believe smoking lowers stress and anxiety because nicotine instantly relaxes them. This sensation is fleeting and is quickly followed by cravings and withdrawal symptoms. Furthermore, there is a great deal of stigma attached to drug addiction problems, and people often blame those who are ill for their habits.  Many people are hesitant to seek treatment or disclose their disease in public due to these misconceptions and biases.

Understanding the Chemical Effect

Dopamine is released in the brain in response to stimulation by nicotine. Dopamine has a role in eliciting happy emotions. People with depression frequently have low levels of it, and as a result, they may smoke cigarettes to momentarily boost their dopamine levels. Smoking, however, causes the brain to turn off the process by which it produces dopamine, which eventually results in a decrease in supply and an increase in smoking.When trying to quit smoking, people with depression may find it very difficult and have more acute withdrawal symptoms. Never forget that if you want to stop, there is a ton of help available. You don’t have to experience it alone, though.

Coping and Seeking Help

Avoid isolating yourself. It’s possible that you’re reluctant to disclose your mental health condition to others. If your loved ones, friends, clergy, or neighbors are aware of your mental health condition, they can help you. Seek the empathy, understanding, and support you require from those you can trust. There is a misplaced stigma in the East African community when it comes to mental illness. However, this should not stop one from seeking the help they need. 

Support from friends and family might make quitting smoking easier. Encourage your friends or cohabitants who smoke to quit smoking if you live with them. Even for people who have managed to abstain from smoking for more than a year, having a mental illness at the time of quitting increases the likelihood of relapsing into smoking. For the same reasons that others have mentioned (health and family), many smokers with mental illnesses wish to stop, but they may be more susceptible to relapse due to stress and other unpleasant emotions.

Article by WellShare International

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What is Vaping?

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Vaping is a new tobacco product that has taken our community by storm. People can come across it everywhere, from schools to our community centers. It seems to be more and more accepted in society and is quickly becoming a fad that the youth want to partake in. It would almost seem out of the ordinary to not have encountered a vaping product due its rapidly increasing popularity amongst youth.

E-cigarettes are devices that use heat to create an aerosol that is inhaled by the user. Typically, the liquid contains flavoring, nicotine, and other chemicals. Just like traditional cigarettes, e-cigarettes contain addictive nicotine. Because nicotine is present in the majority of e-cigarettes, they are classified as tobacco products and considered just as addictive as cigarettes. 

The teenage years are a critical period for brain development. Brain development starts in the womb throughout the fetus’s growth and continues throughout childhood until roughly 25. Exposure to nicotine in adolescence and early adulthood can damage the growing brain and lead to addiction.

Many of our youth are currently using these products due to the misinformed belief that it is not harmful. Some youth also believe that it is not a tobacco product and is not detrimental to their health like cigarettes or other tobacco products. Young folks are big fans of e-cigarettes because of their discreet design. Over the past five years, their use has increased significantly. E-cigarettes are becoming more popular among high school students than traditional smoking. Adults are less likely than high school students to use e-cigarettes.

What can we do

The biggest problem adults and parents are facing when it comes to their youth vaping is that they don’t know enough about the practice and the products themselves. The best way to address this problem is to bring awareness to the issue and provide them with the basic information they need to combat this vaping problem amongst our youth. Educating ourselves includes knowing what vaping products look like, feel like, and the dangers associated with them.

While the biggest problem adults are facing with vaping is a lack of awareness, it is the complete opposite for the youth. Ever since vaping gained popularity some years ago, it has increasingly become more of a stable product amongst the younger crowd. It would almost seem that it is a trend that everyone must participate in and if not, one would feel as if they are either missing out or being judged by their peers. Peer pressure often results in youth succumbing to the trend in an attempt to fit in with their peers.

If you find yourself feeling pressured or bullied into vaping in order to please your friends, that would be a good sign that you may need to find a new group of friends. True friends would want the best for you and respect your decisions and values. If these sentiments are not being provided by your current group of friends, cutting ties with them may be a healthier route.

What resources are available for people who are using:

For Minnesotans who are using tobacco products, QuitPartner is a free resource that will help guide you through each step of the quitting and recovery process. Counselors are available for both youth and adults. The service can be anonymous. Here is the contact information for QuitPartner: Website: Quitpartnermn.com, 1-800-QUIT-NOW (784-8669)

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Attention, Minnesota! Measles Outbreak Alert

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Minnesota –

The Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) confirmed measles outbreak. This highly contagious virus can be serious, especially for young children and those with weakened immune systems. Here’s what you need to know:

🔹 What is Measles? A viral infection that causes a high fever, cough, runny nose, and a characteristic rash. It can lead to complications like pneumonia and encephalitis.

🔹Symptoms to Watch For: Fever, cough, runny nose, and a red, blotchy rash that typically starts on the face and spreads.

🔹 Prevention: The best defense is vaccination. Ensure you and your family are up-to-date with the MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) vaccine. It’s safe and highly effective.

🔹 If You Suspect Infection: Contact your healthcare provider immediately and avoid public places to prevent spreading the virus.

Your vigilance can help protect our community. For more information and updates, check with local health authorities and healthcare providers.

Stay safe and informed! https://www.health.state.mn.us/diseases/measles/index.html

#MeaslesOutbreak#MinnesotaHealth#VaccinateToProtect

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